The Translation of English Complex Noun Phrases in Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson and The Olympians: The Lightning Thief into The Indonesian Complex Noun Phrase: A Study of The Patterns Generated

ABSTRACT 

      This undergraduate thesis is focused on the accuracy, the acceptability, and the appropriate patterns based on the accuracy and the acceptability from the translation of the complex noun phrase in Rick Riordan‟s Percy Jackson and the Olympians: the Lightning Thief which is translated by Femmy Syahrani. 

       There are many complex noun phrases found in the book. The Noun Phrases have many forms in the ST and TT, and it is interesting to be analyzed. There are three problems which are analyzed in this thesis. The first problem is how accurate the Indonesian translations of English complex noun phrases in Rick Riordan‟s Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief are. The second is how acceptable the Indonesian translations of English complex noun phrases in Rick Riordan‟s Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief are. The third is what the appropriate patterns for translating NP which are generated from the translation based on the accuracy and acceptability analysis are. 

      This study uses the combination of library and field research. The field research is used to find out the accuracy and the acceptability of the translation in the Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief through questionnaire. The indicator which is used to assess the questionnaire is Nababan‟s accuracy and acceptability category. The library method is needed to obtain extra information about concept and theories that could support this thesis. 

     The first result of this analysis is the average score in the accuracy questionnaire for the translated novel Percy Jackson the Olympians and the Lightning Thief: Pencuri Petir, is 1.4 which, according to Nababan‟s accuracy category, means accurate. The complex noun phrases are translated well, but sometimes she made mistakes in the choice of words, and things like plural and genitive forms. The score from the acceptability assessment is 1.4 which means acceptable. The complex noun phrases are translated well but sometimes she uses unfamiliar word which is difficult to understand even for Indonesian people. In the last analysis, 9 patterns are found. Based on the result of the accuracy and the acceptability of the translation, the appropriate pattern to use for translating complex noun phrase is head + modifier. There are 208 translations using this pattern. The accuracy rate for the translation using the pattern is 76% and the acceptability rate is 69%. 

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The Class Struggle as the Impact of Oppression by Ruling Class as seen in Clifford Odets’ Waiting for Lefty

ABSTRACT 

      This study begins with George Lukacs argues that literary works have to voice class struggle in order to get real human freedom toward an unfair socio-economic production. With this perspective, the writer of this research decides to study a literary work that truly concerns on class struggle problem. The writer of this research finds it in Clifford Odets’ play entitled  Waiting for Lefty . The most interesting thing in the play is the characters. There are two type of characters, capitalist and proletariat. 

      In order to get a clear image about those characters, the first problem formulation will talk about them. After getting the clear image of them, the next problem formulation will focus on how proletariat characters being oppressed by capitalist characters. Moreover, the focus will move further to identify the impact of the oppression. 

      The method applied in this study is library research. Some steps applied in this study are collecting the data, doing  close reading,  gaining the data necessary for the problem formulation, reading and revealing the characteristics of characters, how the oppressed experienced by the oppressed characters, and how the effect of the oppression. To explore the oppression and its result, the writer of this research takes advantage of  Marxism approach. An approach of economic, social, and political philosophy based on ideas that view social change in terms of economic factors. 

      Through the analysis on the characteristics of characters, proletariat and capitalist are described clearly in the first problem formulation. In the next analysis, the writer of this research finds out how the oppression experienced by the oppressed characters portrayed before they try to make a struggle. Moreover, the oppression actions are the actions that trigger the class struggle. 

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Sandy Dumbrowski’s Personality Development as Seen in Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey’s Grease

ABSTRACT 

       This study analyses a drama entitled  Grease  written by Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey. The analysis focuses more on the characteristic and personality development. 

     There are three purposes in writing this thesis: (1) To find out how the characters in the play are described. (2) To know the description and explanation of the main character’s personality development. (3) To show the factors that affect Sandy Dumbrowski’s personality development in Grease. 

        This study is mainly library research helped with online data as a secondary source. The primary source is the Script of the play,  Grease, a New 50’s Rock ‘n Roll Musical,  written by Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey. There are also some secondary sources that include literary theories, as well as online sources that discuss  Grease and a character’s traits within the play. 

     Three  points  can  be  concluded  after  analyzing  the  play.  First,  the  main character, Sandy Dumbrowski, is cute, kind, pure, naïve, shy and at times a bit clumsy. Sandy Dumbrowski is the typical teenage girl struggling with her life inside Rydell High School. Her love with Danny Zuko will lead her to a love story of a teenager. In the story, she will try to fit in with the Pink Ladies, a group of popular girls at school. The second part tells us about the description of Sandy Dumbrowki’s personality development. Her personality will change from shy, kind, and a bit clumsy into a brave, straightforward, and confident girl. This personality development occurred near the end of the story. The third point gives us the description and explanations  of  factors  that  play  a  big  part  in  affecting  Sandy’s  personality development. The first factor is from physical determinants. This is about her physical appearance and traits. Inside the play, she is finding difficulty to fit in within the Pink Ladies group because of her conservative appearance. The second factor is about her intellectual behavior. Some of her friends consider her as a clumsy girl, and this in turn displays her personality and her traits. The third factor is related to her emotional factor. This factor describes how Sandy is feeling towards Danny. The fourth factor relates to Sandy’s social factors. In this part, Sandy tries hard to fit in with the group, especially the Pink Ladies, and this changes her personality later on at the end of the play. The fifth factor is the aspiration and achievement factor, which involves her goal to get Danny’s love. The sixth factor is about the sex factor, which tells us about Sandy’s love story. The seventh factor is the educational view which relates to her school environment. This plays a big part in Sandy’s development for it also relates to all of her schoolmates. The final factor is about family factors that shape Sandy’s personality and behavior from the beginning of the play. 

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A Comparative Study on English and Bahasa Indonesia Consonant Clusters

ABSTRAK

       Saat ini, orang- orang di dunia tidak hanya dapat berbicara dalam satu bahasa saja, tetapi lebih dari satu bahasa, sebagai contoh mereka dapat berbicara dalam bahasa Inggris atau bahasa Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, bahasa Inggris mempunyai peran yang penting sebagai bahasa internasional. Setiap bahasa mempunyai karakteristik masing-masing dalam susunan konsonan dan vowel seperti CV, VC, CVC, CCV, VCC, dan sebagainya. Satu bahasa berbeda dengan bahasa yang lain dalam hal pembentukan kluster. Konsonan kluster adalah gabungan dari dua atau lebih bunyi konsonan yang berada dalam satu silabel. Dua bahasa mungkin mempunyai persamaan huruf konsonan, tetapi masing-masing bahasa mempunyai caranya sendiri dalam membentuk sebuah kluster. Sebagai contoh, baik bahasa Inggris atau bahasa Indonesia mempunyai fonem /p/, /s/, /l/. Bahasa Inggris mempunyai kluster /spl/ seperti kata split dan splash. Sebaliknya, dalam bahasa Indonesia tidak ada kluster yang dimulai dengan /spl/. Bahasa Inggris juga mempunyai fonem /ksts/ di akhir kata seperti dalam kata texts, tetapi bahasa Indonesia tidak ada kluster berakhiran /ksts/.

       Skripsi ini mempunyai tiga permasalahan. Pertama, konsonan apa saja mungkin terjadi di konsonan kluster dalam bahasa Inggris. Kedua, konsonan apa saja mungkin terjadi di konsonan kluster dalam bahasa Indonesia, kemudian permasalahan yang ketiga adalah apakah persamaan dan perbedaan antara konsonan kluster dalam bahasa Inggris dan konsonan kluster dalam bahasa Indonesia.

      Dalam menganalisa permasalahan diatas, peneliti menerapkan metode analisis kontrastif. Pertama, data konsonan kluster dalam bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia dikumpulkan dan dikelompokan sesuai dengan jenis konsonan klusternya. Kemudian peneliti menganalisa ciri-ciri data yang telah dikumpulkan.

       Hasil penelitian dapat digambarkan dari perbandingan konsonan kluster dalam bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia. Peneliti membandingkan bagaimana kluster itu terbentuk sehingga menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan dari kedua konsonan kluster tersebut. Konsonan kluster dalam bahasa Indonesia lebih sederhana daripada konsonan kluster dalam bahasa Inggris. Konsonan kluster dalam bahasa Indonesia hanya mempunyai dua kluster di akhir atau kita menyebutnya dengan kluster koda, tetapi konsonan kluster dalam bahasa Inggris mempunyai tiga atau lebih dalam kluster koda. Sedangkan untuk konsonan kluster yang terdapat di awal disebut kluster onset. Untuk hal ini, bahasa Indonesia mempunyai system yang sama dengan bahasa Inggris. Baik bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris mempunyai tiga onset kluster. Bahasa Indonesia mempunyai tiga onset kluster seperti pada kata skripsi. Bahasa Inggris juga mempunyai tiga onset kluster sebagai contoh pada kata scream. Bahasa Indonesia tidak mempunyai morfem terikat dalam sistem pengklusteran, tetapi bahasa Inggris punya. Sebagai contoh pada kata texts, kata texts berasal dari morfem bebas text yang digabungkan dengan sufiks jamak -s menjadi morfem terikat texts.

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A Comparative Study on English and Indonesian Consonant Clusters

ABSTRACT

      Nowadays, people in this world not only can speak one language but also can speak more than one language, for example they can speak both English and Indonesian. Therefore English as the international language has taken a part as an important role. Each language has its characteristic consonants and vowel arrangements such as CV, VC, CVC, CCV, VCC, etc. Language differs from each other in their ways of forming a cluster. Consonant cluster is a combination of two or more consonantal phonemes which belong to one syllable. Two languages may have the same consonants, but each has its own rule to form a cluster. Two languages may have the same consonants, but each has its own rule to form a cluster. Indonesian and English, for instance, have the phonemes /p/, /s/, /l/. English allows the cluster /spl/ as in the words split and splash. On the contrary, Indonesian does not have the word which begins with /spl/. English also allows the phonemes /ktst/ occurring at end of a word as in the word texts, but in Indonesia it does not occur.

    This undergraduate thesis has three problems. The first is what the permissible English consonant clusters are. The second is what the permissible Indonesian consonant clusters are, after that the third problem is what the similarities and differences between English and Indonesian consonant clusters are.

       In order to analyze those three problems, the researcher applied the method of contrastive analysis. First both English and Indonesian data were collected, and grouped into the several groups based on the kinds of consonant clusters. Then the researcher analyzed the feature of the data collected. The result of this research can be drawn from the comparison of English and Indonesian consonant clusters. The researcher compares the ways of forming cluster to find the similarities and the differences of English and Indonesian consonant clusters. Indonesian consonant clusters have a simpler system than English consonant clusters. Indonesian only has two-consonant clusters in the final position or we can call it coda clusters, but English has three or even four coda clusters. For the consonant clusters in initial position or we called it as onset clusters, Indonesian has the same system as English cluster. Both Indonesian and English have three onset clusters. Indonesian has three onset clusters for example in the word skripsi and English also has three onset clusters for example in the word scream. Indonesian does not have bound morpheme in its clustering system, but English has it. For example in the word texts, the word textscontains free morpheme text combine with plural –sso it becomes bound morpheme texts.

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